The New York Court of Appeals, in a decision by Judge Jenny Rivera, upheld a State Supreme Court's ruling that a trade can be deemed executed even if a formal agreement has not been signed, as long as the material terms and conditions are agreed on mutually in conversation or email correspondence.

The SEC charged two sales representatives with obtaining "hefty commissions for themselves" by using a fraudulent "in-and-out trading strategy" leading to significant losses for several customers.

JP Morgan Securities LLC, a registered futures commission merchant and swap dealer, agreed to pay a civil monetary penalty to settle CFTC charges that it failed to maintain adequate systems for reconciling exchange and clearing fees for trading of Chicago Mercantile Exchange products.

The House of Representatives passed the "Helping Angels Lead Our Startups Act." The "HALOS Act" purports to "clarify the definition of general solicitation under Federal securities law" as it relates to certain communications by "angel investor groups."

The CFTC granted an Order of Registration to ICE Endex Markets B.V., a foreign board of trade ("FBOT") located in Amsterdam. The Order permits identified Endex members or U.S. participants to enter trades directly into the Endex electronic order entry and trade matching system.